The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar or Hijri calendar (Arabic: التقويم الهجري; at-taqwīm al-hijrī) is a lunar based calendar used to date events in many predominantly Muslim countries, and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate Islamic holy days and festivals. It is a lunar calendar having 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. Because this lunar year is 10 days shorter than the solar year, Islamic holy days, although celebrated on fixed dates in their own calendar, shift 10 days earlier each successive solar year. Islamic years are also called Hijra years because the first year was the year during which the Hijra, the emigration of the Islamic prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, occurred. Thus each numbered year is designated either H or AH, the latter being the initials of the Latin anno Hegirae (in the year of the Hijra).
The current Islamic Year is 1430 AH, from approximately December 28, 2008 (evening) to December 17, 2009 (evening).
The Islamic months are named as follows:
- Muharram محرّم (or Muḥarram al Ḥaram)
- Safar صفر (or Ṣafar al Muzaffar)
- Rabi' al-awwal (Rabī' I) ربيع الأول
- Rabi' al-thani (or Rabī' al Thānī, or Rabī' al-Akhir) (Rabī' II) ربيع الآخر أو ربيع الثاني
- Jumada al-awwal (Jumādā I) جمادى الاول
- Jumada al-thani (or Jumādā al-akhir) (Jumādā II) جمادى الآخر أو جمادى الثاني
- Rajab رجب (or Rajab al Murajab)
- Sha'aban شعبان (or Sha'abān al Moazam)
- Ramadan رمضان (or Ramzān, long form: Ramaḍān al Mubarak)
- Shawwal شوّال (or Shawwal al Mukarram)
- Dhu al-Qi'dah ذو القعدة
- Dhu al-Hijjah ذو الحجة
Of all the months in the Islamic calendar, Ramadan is the most venerated. Muslims are required to abstain from eating, drinking, smoking and sex during the daylight hours of this month.
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بالاضافة لما تفضلت به
فان اليوم وفقا للحساب الهجري
يبدأ من غروب الشمس اي انه يبدا اليوم مع بدء المغرب
فليله يسبق نهاره